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Reverse Osmosis. If we consider that we want to produce pure water from the salt water, it is necessary to apply a “force” (pressure) in the column of the salt-containing water, to force the water to flow in the reverse direction, making the water molecules to flow through the semi-permeable membranes to the fresh water compartment.
NOM, particles and colloids can be removed by so-called "conventional treatment" consisting of coagulation followed by media filtration for low turbidity water . Additional steps such as flocculation and sedimentation are added in case of very turbid shallow seawater.. The non-conventional pretreatment for NOM , particles and colloids is Ultrafiltration.
