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After the dyeing is completed, the various treatment baths are drained out, includ‐ ing the first dye bath, which has a very high salt concentration, is heavily coloured and con‐ tains a substantial load of organic substances [2].
into the natural water resources or wastewater treatment systems. One of the main sources with severe pollution problems worldwide is the textile industry and its dye-containing wastewaters (i.e. 10,000 different textile dyes with an estimated annual production of 7.105 metric tonnes are commercially available worldwide; 30% of
