anionic polyacrylamide biodegradation using method from Canada

anionic polyacrylamide biodegradation using method from Canada
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  • Does biological filtration improve polyacrylamide biodegradation?
  • Freedman, D. E. et al. Biologically active filtration for fracturing flowback and produced water treatment. J. Water Process Eng. 18, 29–40 (2017). Dai, X. et al. Waste-activated sludge fermentation for polyacrylamide biodegradation improved by anaerobic hydrolysis and key microorganisms involved in biological polyacrylamide removal.
  • What is polyacrylamide (PAM)?
  • Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a long chain, linear, water soluble polymeric substance formed from acrylamide (C 3 H 5 NO) subunits, has a high molecular weight of typically from few 1000 to 20 × 10 6 g/mol, and has a very high viscosity in aqueous solutions, depending on the concentration and the degree of polymerization (Sojka et al. 2007).
  • Are polyacrylamide flocculants biodegradable?
  • Kolya H, Tripathy T (2014) Biodegradable flocculants based on polyacrylamide and poly (N,N-dimethylacrylamide) grafted amylopectin. Int J Biol Macromol 70:26–36 Kornecki TS, Grigg BC, Fouss JL, Southwick LM (2005) Polyacrylamide (PAM) application effectiveness in reducing soil erosion from sugarcane fields in southern Louisiana.
  • Can polyacrylamide be bioremediated?
  • Although polyacrylamide (PAM) and its derivatives have many useful applications, their release in nature can have impacts on the environment and human health, thus bioremediation approaches for residual PAM are urgently needed.