petroleum product anionic/cation polyacrylamide/apam pam at japan marketing

petroleum product anionic/cation polyacrylamide/apam pam at japan marketing
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  • What is anionic polyacrylamide (Apam)?
  • 1. Introduction Anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) is a kind of organic high-molecular polymer with high hydrophilicity and viscosity, which is easily dissolved in water [ , , ].
  • What is cationic polyacrylamide (C-PAM)?
  • Cationic polyacrylamide (C-PAM), copolymerized from acrylamide and substituted acrylate or acrylamide segments, offers an alternative to PHPA and exhibits high stability under high TDS conditions 28.
  • Is Apam a uniform polymer?
  • The polyacrylamide is a uniform and unitary polymer. PAM has a neat smooth surface as its SEM images unfold at 2500x and 4000x. However, the surface of APAM was much rougher. Hills and valleys could be observed in its SEM images due to the interaction of chemical groups between AM and SAS.
  • How is anionic polyacrylamide synthesized?
  • Synthesis mechanism The anionic polyacrylamide was synthesized by copolymerizing AM and SAS monomers. The essence of copolymerization is the free radical reaction. Thus, this chain reaction can be divided into three distinct processes: initiation, propagation, and termination.