Polyacrylamide as a substrate for microbial amidase
T1 - Polyacrylamide as a substrate for microbial amidase in culture and soil. AU - Kay-Shoemake, Jeanine L. AU - Watwood, Mary E. AU - Sojka, Robert E. AU - Lentz, Rodrick D. PY - 1998/11/1. Y1 - 1998/11/1. N2 - High molecular weight, linear polyacrylamide (PAM) with anionic charge is added to agricultural soils as an anti-erosion additive.
Polyacrylamide as a substrate for microbial amidase in culture and soil
Polyacrylamide as a substrate for microbial amidase
Hydrolytic amidase activity specific for small amides has been demonstrated in a variety of soils (Frankenberger and Tabatabai, 1980a), as well as in many common soil bacteria and fungi (Kelly and Clarke, 1962; Thalenfeld and Grosswicz, 1976; Friedrich and Mitrenga, 1981; Nawaz et al., 1994).The mechanism by which soil bacteria degrade acrylamide, one of the monomeric constituents of PAM, also
High molecular weight, linear polyacrylamide (PAM) with anionic charge is added to agricultural soils as an anti-erosion additive. Research indicates that soil microorganisms are able to utilize PAM as a source of N and that inorganic N pools are altered in some PAM-treated soils. The potential role of hydrolytic amidase activity in the microbial utilization of PAM for N was investigated.
Isolation and Characterization of Polyacrylamide-Degrading
The microbial biodegradation of PAM has long been studied. Previous studies suggested that microorganisms are able to degraded and utilized PAM as a nitrogen source in both aerobic and anaerobic environments [13,14]. Microorganisms produce a polyacrylamide induced amidase to deaminate PAM .
Although polyacrylamide (PAM) and its derivatives have many useful applications, their release in nature can have impacts on the environment and human health, thus bioremediation approaches for residual PAM are urgently needed. Biodegradation of PAM and its derivatives has been studied only in the last two decades, with most emphasis on acrylamide biodegradation.
A Novel Amidase (Half-Amidase) for Half-Amide Hydrolysis
5C 18 AR-packed column (4.6 by 250 mm; Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, with 250 mM KH 2PO 4 (pH 4.4) as the eluent. Imidase activity was assayed as described previously (23). One unit of half-amidase and imidase was defined as the amount of enzyme
Prospects for enzymatic synthesis processes on an industrial scale depend upon development of a practical process for ATP regeneration. The relative merits of various routes to ATP regeneration involving chemical synthesis, whole cells or organelles, or cell free enzymes are evaluated. The most promising route involves one or more enzyme incorporating the reaction catalyzed by acetate kinase
Advanced Pharmacognosy Notes |authorSTREAM
The enzymes have been immobilized using the whole cells of Escherichia coli. This is considered as the first industrial application of an immobilized microbial cell. The initial process made use of polyacrylamide entrapment which was later substituted with the carragenan treated with glutaraldehyde and hexamethylenediamine.
Polyacrylamide decreases furrow erosion. 46175 LINK JS, FOGARTY M, BRODZIAK J, OVERHOLTZ W, NOJI T, MURAWSKI S, SERCHUK... Polyacrylamide as a substrate for microbial 33789 NAL Call No.: 450-C16 Reducing herbicide use for weed control in?
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- Which polymer thickening agent is a cationic polyacrylamide?
- Zhang et al. , synthesized the polymer thickening agent DXGY-1, which is a cationic polyacrylamide. Its viscosity retention ratio in 12% HCl + 3% HF reached 82%. Liu et al. , synthesized a copolymer from AM, DMDAAC, and AMPS monomers and a cationic monomer X.
- Does anionic polyacrylamide improve coagulation-flocculation process?
- Aguilar, M. I. et al. Improvement of coagulation-flocculation process using anionic polyacrylamide as coagulant aid. Chemosphere 58, 47–56 (2005). Muller, G., Fenyo, J. C. & Selegny, E. High molecular weight hydrolyzed polyacrylamides.
- Does polyacrylamide hydrolyze under acidic conditions?
- As reported by Muller et al., polyacrylamides undergo hydrolysis under acidic conditions to yield poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid). Amide groups will completely hydrolyze under conditions of appropriately low pH, and polymer weight will remain relatively stable during hydrolysis, as the following formula , , .
- Which reagent is used to degrade polyacrylamide in aqueous solution?
- Ramsden, D. K. & McKay, K. Degradation of polyacrylamide in aqueous solution induced by chemically generated hydroxyl radicals: Part I-Fenton’s reagent. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 14, 217–229 (1986). Ramsden, D. K., & McKay, K.
