anionic polyacrylamide pam as flocculant for water at germany

anionic polyacrylamide pam as flocculant for water at germany
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  • What is a polymer flocculant?
  • Among the synthetic polymer flocculants, the most important is water-soluble polyacrylamide (PAM)—a non-ionic, amorphous polymer which can be modified to ionic form in the copolymerization process [ 8, 9, 10 ]. The acrylamide monomer can be used for grafting or crosslinking of other type of polymers.
  • How is an anionic polyacrylamide flocculant synthesized?
  • In this study, an anionic polyacrylamide flocculant was synthesized by ultrasonic initiated template copolymerization (USTP), using sodium allylsulfonate (SAS) and acrylamide (AM) as monomers, poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (polyDADMAC) as template, and 2,2′-azobis [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride (VA-044) as initiator.
  • Is cationic Pam effective in flocculation?
  • The success of anionic and cationic PAM in flocculation can be related to particle charges that allow for particle flocculation with polymers. Non-ionic PAM was shown to be ineffective at flocculating tailing particles. The ionicity of the polymer appears to be highly relevant here, based on the results.
  • Why is anionic polyacrylamide chosen?
  • Anionic polyacrylamide is chosen because the intramolecular electrostatic repulsion between polymer segments forces the polymer chains to adopt a more extended conformation, increasing the efficiency of bridging flocculation.