hpam partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide oil field in netherlands

hpam partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide oil field in netherlands
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  • Can hydrolyzed polyacrylamide be degraded?
  • For oil field applications, partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) is the most widely used polymer. HPAM must maintain high viscosity to achieve good oil recovery. In reality, however, polymers can be severely degraded by shearing and heat in the underground environment. This phenomenon is studied in this paper.
  • What is partial hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM)?
  • Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) is a water-soluble polymer material used in oil fields [ 18, 19 ]. It usually has a linear structure with high molecular weight [ 20] and is obtained by partial hydrolysis of PAM or by copolymerization of sodium acrylate with acrylamide [ 21 ].
  • Does HPAM increase viscosity in partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide solution?
  • From the average end-to-end distances of HPAM molecules in each partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide solution system in Fig. 16, it can be seen that HPAM molecules maintain a relatively stretched state in the solution, and the hydrodynamic radius is large, which significantly increases the solution viscosity.
  • Is partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide biodegraded by bacterial strains isolated from Omani oil fields?
  • In present study the biodegradation of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) by bacterial strains isolated from Omani oil fields was analyzed. HPAMs are extensively used in oil fields for enhanced oil recovery operations.