big picture of water treatment chemicals at thailand

big picture of water treatment chemicals at thailand
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  • How can we improve water quality in Thailand?
  • Once water quality problems have been identified, it is necessary to develop targets for restoration to undertake the planning exercise on a basin-wide basis. The Pollution Control Department (PCD) has developed master plans for water-quality management for all 25 river basins in Thailand.
  • How many wastewater treatment plants are there?
  • Over 40 treatment plants are currently under construction. Major wastewater treatment systems are stabilization ponds, aerated lagoons, oxidation ditches, and activated sludge process. However, most of the operating treatment facilities are in significant levels of treatment efficiency, while two of them are currently out of service.
  • Where are DDT metabolites found in Thailand?
  • DDT and metabolites were found in the range of 18–20 ng/L at Krabi province (West Coast). Aldrin (5 ng/L) was detected at the lower part of Chao Praya river. The concentration of HCH and its isomers ranged from 10 to 17 ng/L in three provinces in the south of Thailand.
  • What chemicals are emitted from wastewater discharges?
  • Wastewater discharges emit various kind of pollutants. These substances include household chemicals, such as surfactants, pharmaceuticals and insect repellents, agricultural chemicals, such as pesticides as well as industrial chemicals, inorganics and heavy metals ( Knepper et al., 1999 ).