drinking water contamination and treatment techniques in america

drinking water contamination and treatment techniques in america
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  • Which contaminant groups are a risk factor for drinking water contamination?
  • In this review, we summarize exposure risk profiles and health effects for seven legacy and emerging drinking water contaminants or contaminant groups: arsenic, disinfection by-products, fracking-related substances, lead, nitrate, per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) and uranium.
  • How many contaminants are in drinking water?
  • EPA has promulgated standards for about 100 contaminants in drinking water (Table 3) . This is a small fraction of the approximately 700 identified disinfection by-products , 1200 chemicals reportedly used or produced by fracking , 14,700 PFAS , and other chemicals in commercial use.
  • Why is water contaminated?
  • Surface waters and aquifers can be contaminated by various chemicals, microbes, and radionuclides. Disinfection of drinking water has dramatically reduced the prevalence of waterborne diseases (such as typhoid, cholera, and hepatitis) in the United States.
  • Are chemical contaminants in drinking water a health hazard?
  • This article documents that millions of US residents consume drinking water containing chemical contaminants that often may pose significant health risks ranging from cancer to neurological disease and other sequelae.