wastewater treatment plants as chemical observatories in italy

wastewater treatment plants as chemical observatories in italy
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  • What is selected wastewater treatment plant (WWTP)?
  • Selected Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) removes the 84% of microplastics (MPs). 160,000,000 MPs were released daily by selected WWTP. 3,400,000,000 MPs were deposited daily in 30 tons of sludge by selected WWTP. WWTPs are a source of MPs in both aquatic and terrestrial environment. 1. Introduction
  • How many wastewater treatment plants are there in Italy?
  • As of 2012, there were 18,786 wastewater treatment plants in Italy, of which 18,162 (97%) were in operation. 542 municipalities with 2.3 million people (4% of the population) had no sewerage. The Ministry of Environment in Rome is in charge of defining water and sanitation policy in Italy.
  • Do Italian plants treat combined sewer systems with stormwater runoff?
  • Seventy-two percent (171 WWTPs) of the Italian plants in the survey treat combined sewer systems with a high presence of stormwater runoff.
  • What was the water and sanitation sector like in Italy before 1994?
  • Before 1994, the Italian water and sanitation sector was highly fragmented with about 13,000 local water and sanitation service providers, often providing water and sewer services separately in the same locality. Municipalities were both service providers and regulators, creating a conflict of interest.