water treatment chemicals used to purify water for water in spain

water treatment chemicals used to purify water for water in spain
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  • Why is water reuse important in Spain?
  • Water reuse is of crucial importance within the Spanish water management model, despite its use has been limited to sectors such as agriculture, industry, or urban cleaning services, fundamentally. Notwithstanding that in 2016 only 10.43% of regenerated water was reused, Spain is a European leader in this field.
  • How much water is reclaimed in Spain?
  • In the same year, the Spanish Statistical Office (INE) quantified the reused water at 531 hm 3 /year, while the Spanish Association of water supply and sanitation (AEAS) indicated 373 hm 3 /year of reclaimed waters in Spain and 4097 hm 3 /year as the total volume of wastewaters treated in Spain [ 41, 42, 71, 72 ].
  • Does Spain have a water supply and sanitation system?
  • Access to water supply and sanitation in Spain is universal. 98% of the urban population and 93% of the rural population is connected to sewers, while the remainder is served by on-site sanitation systems such as septic tanks.
  • Does Spain have a legal framework for water reuse?
  • Contrasting with the European experience, Spain has a specific regulation that sets the legal framework for water reuse since 2007: Royal Decree (RD) 1620/2007.