standards for wastewater treatment in brazil marcos von in italy

standards for wastewater treatment in brazil marcos von in italy
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  • What are Brazilian standards for water quality and effluent discharge?
  • The paper describes and comments the Brazilian standards for water quality and effluent discharge (CONAMA Directive No. 20, 1986). The emphasis of the paper is on the conventional parameters which characterise domestic wastewater (BOD, SS, NH4+, N, P and coliforms).
  • How are wastewater treatment systems achieving compliance?
  • The wastewater treatment systems for achieving compliance are analysed with two perspectives: requirements for the discharge standards and requirements for the receiving water standards. The main treatment technologies available are listed, together with their capability to remove the major pollutants included in the Brazilian legislation.
  • Which parameters characterise domestic wastewater?
  • The emphasis of the paper is on the conventional parameters which characterise domestic wastewater (BOD, SS, NH4+, N, P and coliforms). The wastewater treatment systems for achieving compliance are analysed with two perspectives: requirements for the discharge standards and requirements for the receiving water standards.
  • Which consid ations can be made when wastewater is treated?
  • the wastewater is treated, the following consid ations could be made:Primary treatment. Primary effluents can be assumed as having DO equal to zero.Anaerobic treatment. Anaerobic effluents also have DO equal to zero.Activatedsludgeandbiofi