chlorine and chloramines: water treatment process in spain

chlorine and chloramines: water treatment process in spain
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  • Is Chlo-Ramine used in drinking water treatment?
  • in drinking water treatment since the early 1900s, but its use has been low compared to that of chlorine. In recent years, many utilities implemented chlo-ramine, primarily to comply with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Stage 1 and Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rules (D/DBPR).
  • Which countries use chloramines for disinfection?
  • UK is one of the only European nations that employ chloramines to prevent the creation of disinfection by-products and to reduce residual infection in the distribution network. Chloramines are also used occasionally for disinfection in Finland, Spain, and Sweden.
  • Is chlorination the best method for drinking water disinfection?
  • According to the National Academy of Sciences’ 1977 publication Drinking Water and Health, “chlorination is the standard method for disinfection of water (Nielsen et al. 2025). Chlorine has literally saved lives in terms of drinking water disinfection.
  • When was chlorine used in drinking water disinfection?
  • Chlorine was first used for drinking water disinfection in Europe in 1905 when the London Metropolitan Water Board started applying it after researching its disinfection mechanism.