new standard for hospital wastewater treatment in iran

new standard for hospital wastewater treatment in iran
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  • Why is the wastewater treatment plant in Iran poorly treated?
  • As can be seen in Table 2, the use of conventional treatment processes, lack of application of advanced technologies, improper operation, skill-shortage of labor, and not updated wastewater discharge standards can be the main reasons for the poorly treated effluent quality in the municipal wastewater treatment plant in Iran.
  • How much does wastewater treatment cost in Iran?
  • The treatment plants operational costs usually amount up to 0.2 US $/m3 wastewater. About 55% of treated municipal effluent is reused in Iran, with an emphasis on the agricultural sector. The electricity consumption in municipal wastewater treatment facilities amounts for 0.1% (241 million kWh/y) of the total electricity consumption of the country.
  • How can a sustainable municipal wastewater management system be achieved in Iran?
  • Overall, sustainable municipal wastewater management in Iran would be obtained by developing water resources, increasing the population covered by wastewater facilities (90%), improving effluent discharge standards, and lowering energy usage to 0.45 kWh/m3 wastewater
  • How much wastewater is reused in Iran?
  • From this study it is indicated that municipal wastewater generated by nearly 40% of the population in Iran receives adequate treatment out of which only about 50% is reused.