enzyme-based wastewater treatment: removal of phenols in iran

enzyme-based wastewater treatment: removal of phenols in iran
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  • Can immobilized peroxidases remove phenol from refinery wastewater?
  • Research showed that immobilized peroxidases could remove 99.9% 1 mM phenol after 5 h treatment under the conditions of room temperature and pH 7.0 (Wang et al., 2016a). Similarly, Rezvani et al. (2015) immobilized soybean seed coat powder as soybean peroxidase for the removal of phenol from refinery wastewater in a packed bed bioreactor.
  • How effective is phenol removal in wastewater treatment?
  • It was found that with RO alone, the phenol concentrations in the effluent reached around 1.30 mg/L at pH 4, with a removal efficiency of 87%. To further improve the treatment process, the wastewater stream was subjected to pretreatment using granular activated carbon.
  • What enzymes are used in wastewater treatment?
  • There are six kinds of enzymes and the most used ones in wastewater treatment are hydrolases and oxidoreductases (Mishra et al., 2025, Varga et al., 2019). These two enzymes can biocatalyst most pollutants in wastewater due to their wide range of substances. At present, enzymes like lipase, laccase, peroxidase have been commercially used.
  • Are low-cost adsorbents effective in removing phenol from wastewater?
  • Particular emphasis will be given to the use of low-cost adsorbents prepared from industrial and agricultural wastes for the efficient removal of phenol from wastewater as adsorption processes show the highest cost-effectiveness among all the treatment technologies. 1. Introduction: phenolic compounds, reactivity, toxicity, and fate