cooling water treatment with chlorine dioxide evoqua in netherlands

cooling water treatment with chlorine dioxide evoqua in netherlands
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  • Is chlorine dioxide a safe disinfectant?
  • Chlorine dioxide (ClO 2) has emerged as a broad-spectrum, safe, and effective disinfectant due to its high oxidation efficiency and reduced formation of organochlorinated by-products during application. This article provides an updated overview of ClO 2 -based oxidation processes used in water treatment.
  • Is UV/ClO 2 a good oxidant for water treatment?
  • Since the efficiency of UV/ClO 2 process is wavelength-dependent, single-wavelength UV is no longer sufficient, and multi-wavelength UV-LED should be developed for future applications. ClO 2 is a unique oxidant for water treatment, however, the formation of ClO 2- is a serious concern for the utilization.
  • Can ClO 2 be used in drinking water treatment plants?
  • ClO 2 has been applied in many drinking water treatment plants as pre-oxidant or secondary disinfectant (Gan et al., 2019b). ClO 2 can selectively remove organic pollutants and inactivate microorganisms, the recommended dosage for reducing taste and odor or DBPs is 0.07–2.0 mg L −1 (Hupperich et al., 2025).
  • Can free available chlorine be produced in situ from ClO 2 oxidation?
  • It has been reported that free available chlorine (FAC) can be generated in situ from the ClO 2 oxidation of DOM, with the FAC production reaching to 20% of ClO 2 consumption (Li et al., 2025). Formed FAC can oxidize Br - to free bromine, increasing the risks of Br-DBPs (Rouge et al., 2018).