biocides dispersants – wastewater treatment – chemicals at germany

biocides dispersants – wastewater treatment – chemicals at germany
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  • How many biocides are there in wastewater treatment plants?
  • Electronic address: guangguo.ying@gmail.com. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and removal of 19 biocides in ten different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), then estimate the usages and emissions per capita of 19 biocides based on mass balance analysis approach.
  • What biocides are found in WWTPs?
  • On the whole, the target biocides commonly occurred in the WWTPs and their receiving rivers, and some of them showed relatively high concentration levels, such asDEET and climbazole for liquid samples and triclosan and triclocarban for solid samples. 4.2. Removal mechanisms of biocides in WWTPs
  • What are biocides?
  • 1. Introduction Biocides are defined as a class of active substances used for destroying or inhibiting any harmful organisms, but are harmless to human beings .
  • Which biocide categories have a high concentration in effluent?
  • The biocide categories with relatively high concentration levels in effluent ( Fig. 1 (b)) werefungicides, insect repellents and disinfectants (mean values: 94.4–260 ng/L), while antifoulings and preservatives occurred with low concentration levels (mean values: 5.46 and16.2 ng/L).