water treatment chemicals in thailand/sewage treatment in spain

water treatment chemicals in thailand/sewage treatment in spain
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  • Does Thailand have a sustainable wastewater management system?
  • Since 1992, Thailand has initiated financial tools for sustainable wastewater management, specifically the polluter pays principle and public participation (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment 2010).
  • Can wastewater be reused in Thailand?
  • In addition, recycling wastewater in the tourism industry usually relies on environmental conservation for recreation, particularly on islands with drought problems (UN ESCAP 2017). This is thus another emerging driver of the reuse of treated wastewater in Thailand.
  • Is reclaimed wastewater a criterion for wastewater reuse in Thailand?
  • Given that Thailand currently has no criterion for the quality of reclaimed wastewater in the agricultural sector, surface water quality standards for agriculture or industrial effluent standards are recommended as a reference criterion for wastewater reuse in agriculture instead (Department of Industrial Works 2021).
  • How can we improve water quality in Thailand?
  • Once water quality problems have been identified, it is necessary to develop targets for restoration to undertake the planning exercise on a basin-wide basis. The Pollution Control Department (PCD) has developed master plans for water-quality management for all 25 river basins in Thailand.