phpa polymer(anionic polyacrylamide) used for oil in saudi arabia

phpa polymer(anionic polyacrylamide) used for oil in saudi arabia
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  • What type of polyacrylamide is used in oil industry?
  • The polyacrylamide use can be anionic, cationic, or nonionic with various ratios of the comonomers used in the case of the anionic and cationic polymers. The anionic polyacrylamides in the oil field industry are designated by the generic name of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA), although they are in actuality copolymers .
  • What is partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA)?
  • Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA) is the most frequently used polymer in this respect, owing to its low cost, viscosifying nature, and well-known physiochemical properties (Urbissinova et al. 2010 ). The molecule of this polymer is a flexible chain which remains in coil-like structure in the absence of a shearing effect.
  • Which comonomer is used for the production of anionic polyacrylamides?
  • The workhorse comonomer for the production of anionic polyacrylamides is acrylate salts of acrylic acid. These anionic polymers can be prepared as various mono- and divalent metal salts and other positively charged inorganic and organic counterions of the polymerization of acrylic acid with acrylamide (see Fig. 34.4 ).
  • What is an anionic polyacrylamide?
  • Anionic polyacrylamides make up the largest portion of the polyacrylamide market. The polymers can be prepared over a wide range of anionic charges and molecular weights (1000 to > 20,000,000 molecular weight). The workhorse comonomer for the production of anionic polyacrylamides is acrylate salts of acrylic acid.