water use and treatment in container-grown specialty crop

water use and treatment in container-grown specialty crop
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  • How can container-grown crop producers improve water quality?
  • Container-grown crop producers can either adopt research-based best management practices proactively to minimize the economic and environmental risk of limited access to high-quality water, be required to change by external factors such as regulations and fines, or adapt production practices over time as a result of changing climate conditions.
  • How often should water be applied in container-grown crop production?
  • In container-grown crop production, water application frequency varies from multiple times per day to once every few days depending on the production system, crop producer, growing season, and environmental conditions, such as rainfall.
  • Why do specialty crops grow in soilless substrates and plastic containers?
  • The ability to grow plants in soilless substrates and plastic containers has produced a major shift from in-ground to aboveground production of specialty crops. Aboveground plant production has necessitated the application of large volumes of irrigation water compared with field production, which can lead to sediment loss and chemical runoff.
  • Do water treatment trains work for container-grown crop production?
  • Much of the research with treatment trains has been focused on stormwater runoff (Campbell et al. 2004) and wastewater treatment systems (Zeng et al. 2016 ), with fewer studies focused on agricultural water treatment trains for container-grown crop production.