industrial wastewater treatment using clay-based flocculants

industrial wastewater treatment using clay-based flocculants
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  • Can natural coagulants/flocculants be used in industrial wastewater treatment?
  • Despite the outstanding natural properties, biodegradability, and efficacy of natural coagulants/flocculants (NC/Fs) in industrial wastewater treatment, their significant potential to remediate such effluents is underappreciated, particularly in commercial scale applications.
  • Can flocculants be used in wastewater treatment?
  • The potential application of conventional flocculants, bio-flocculants and grafted flocculants in wastewater treatment has been verified and well investigated.
  • Can bioflocculants be used in wastewater treatment?
  • Flocculants, both organic and inorganic, have long been used in wastewater treatment. However, because of their low performance, non-biodegradability, and associated health risks, their use has been limited. The use of eco-friendly bioflocculants in wastewater treatment has become essential due to the health implications of chemical flocculants.
  • Are natural flocculants a sustainable technology for water and wastewater treatment?
  • Finally, the future prospects, challenges and recommendations are also provided in order to advance the developments of natural flocculants to enable them to be a long-term sustainable technology for water and wastewater treatment. 2. Dyes wastewaters Dyes have been used in practically all spheres of daily life since the beginning of mankind.